Road grader



Jan. 25, 1944. F, E, ARNDT 2,340,100

ROAD GRADER Jan. 25, 1944. F; EARNDTV 2,340,100

ROAD GRADER Filed Aug. 1, 1941 n 5 sheets-sheet 2 /NVENTORJ FRANKLIN E. ARNO-r;

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HTT'Y Jan. 25, 1944.

F. E. ARNDT ROAD GRADER Filed Aug. 1, 1941 ,5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Jan. 25, 4 F E -ARNDT l ROAD GRADER Filed Aug. 1, 194i 5 sheets-sheet 4 /N VEN TOR g; E l BY gn. 7%

HTT'Y FRANKLIN E.ARND|;

iixed relation to the vehicle frame.

Patented Jan. 25, 1944 UNITED STATES,fd PATENT I*otr-ICE 2,349,100 non GnAnEn.

Franklin n. Amat, Galina. ohio, assignmto The Galion Iron Works &"Manufacturing Company,

a corporation of Ohio Application August 1, 1941, Serial No. 405,047

14 claims. A, (ci. .wa-156)y My invention relates to road graders,` and one 'of Vits objects is the,- provision of improved and eicient duid-pressure motor means mounted on the vehicle frame and connected to the "circle `carrying the grader blade to angularly adjust :the latter on an upright axis.

Another object of the invention is the "provision of improved and eflicient fluid-pressure motor means mounted on the vehicle frame and connected to the drawbar of a road grader for both laterally shifting the grader blade and anjgularly adjusting the same on an upright Taxis.

A further object of the invention is to `fissociate in fixed relation to each other on the vehicle frame of a road grader, an engine ucon-l5 nected to a pump for supplying rotary hydraulic motors with the necessary fluid-pressure medium and mechanically connect said hydraulic motors 'to the drawbar of the road grader for laterally shifting thegrader blade and angularly adjust- .ments of the grader blade being eected without bending the 'connections between the pumpgg25 and the motors since such connections arein Another object of the invention is thev pro'- vision of a rotary hydraulic motor on the vehidownwardly and extending forwardly to facili- -cle frame of a road grader with its axis inclined -fo tate connection to and operation of self-locking worm gearing for actuating circle turning mechanism to adjust the grader blade on an upright axis.

A further object of the invention is the pro- `vision of a rotary hydraulic motor on theve- .hicle frame with its axisI extending downwardly and rearwardly to facilitate connection to" and .operation of self-locking worm gearing connected by spur gearing to laterally shift the'reaend oi the drawbar and thereby laterally adjust the .grader blade.

Another object of the invention Ais the proly high speed of the rotary hydraulic motorenables such adjustments to be made rapidly.

= :A further object of the invention is the DTO- vision of a rotary hydraulic motor on the vehicle. frame connected to worm gearing onffthe fdrawbar. for turning on an upright axis a grader -orthcihydraulic motor shown yin Fig. 8;

bladecarrying circle relatively to.. tliedrawbar.

Other objects of the invention will `appear'. hereinafter, the novel features fand combinations being set forth in the appended claims.'

In the accompanying drawings,

Figs. 1, 2 and 3 vplacedend to end show in elevation a roadgrader embodying my improvements;

Figs. 4 and 5, placed end to end, are plan views of the road grader embodying'my improvements;

Fig. 6 illustrates the power-operated mechanism for turning the grader blade carrying circle on an upright axis;

Fig. 7 is a sectional elevational view taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 6, looking in the direction'of the arrows; l i i Fig. 8 illustrates the power-operated mechanism for' shifting laterally the drawbar of the road grader: -'2o Fig; v9 is' an enlarged sectional' elevational view of either i the hydraulic motorshown in Fig. ;-6

Fig. 10 is a plan view of a broken away lporttion of the rotary hydraulic motor lshown in naar Fig.' 11 is a sectional-.elevational viewtaken'cn the line I'l--II -ofjFig. 9,` looking in the: direction'of the arrows; g

Fig.' .1'2 is a" sctionalf; elevational view taken on the line l2|2 of Fig. 9; looking in the direction of the arrows? Fig. 13 is 'an' elevation of the right-hand en of Fig. 8 with'thefgearingcasing broken away` itc show the internalgearing;

Fig. 14 is a pipingv diagram for the rotary hy Fig.- 151s 'a sectional elevational-view taken on -the line 15H-I5 of Fig'.,5, looking. inthe direction .of the arrows; and@ 1 v16' is' 'ag-"sectional elevational View taken Referring to Figs: zand s, piacede'ndtoene,

it will b seen .that the grader frame l] 'is mount-l -ed at its rearend on ground engaging. wheels Aoperators station 2l. .That is to say, the operator while at his station Z'lmay control the steering wheel unit 2l lby manipulating two ofthe valves 28 at the rear end of the machine, as shown in Fig. 5. The operator at his station, as shown in Fig. 5, has before him all the Various levers for not only vsteering the machine but also controlling the operation of the engine and the various adjustments in the road grader hereinafter more fully explained.

The drawbar 29, as shown inFig. 2is iiexibly connected at 30% to." the front endr of; the' grader frame l1. The rear end of the drawbar 2S has a cross-piece 3l to the ends of which are conf nected by means of ball and socket joints 32, 32",

the lower ends of the extensible hangers 33', 33,;

the upper ends of which are connected byball to a shaft G8 which is connected by a universal joint 6| to another extensible shaft 62. The lower forward end of the extensible shaft 62 which is connected by means of the universal joint 63 to intermeshng spur gearing located in the casing 64 which is mounted on the drawbar 29, as shown in Fig. 2. The shafts of the spur gearing ,in the casing 64 bothextend rearwardly, the "Jv'er'shaftv being-:connected by the universal joint 65 to the link 66, the rear end of which is connected by means of the universal joint 61 'te the worm 5a in the easing 4a. It win thus be ing arms 35, 35 which are connect'edA to the rock" shafts 36, 36 journaled in the bearings 31, 31, as shown in Fig. 5.

The rear ends of the rock shafts 36,136 are.L

journaled in similar bearings 38, 38 and are connected. tol laterally extending arms. 39.-. 39- flexibly Yconnected toithe upper ends of. piston: rods 40, 48

of. a: pair of double. acting hydraulic. motors 4l, 4 l. From the operatorsstation 21'.- either or both of the piston reciprocating hydraulic motors 4I, 4| may beoperated to'lif't or lower the hangers 33,.33individually and. thu'sadjust the elevation of the drawbar 29 and its inclination transversely of.theroadf.surface.

Carried. byr the` drawbar frameV 28l for rotation relatively thereto' on an upright axis? ls-v a. circle 42' carrying the moldbo'ard 43. The circle 42 carries an annular gear 44 which' meshes withy the pinion: 45f secured' tothe lower' endv of the shaft 46g the upperend of whichis keyed. to thejworm gear 41, the latter being enclosed in. a casing 48% as shown. in Figli...

The casing148-is provided. with a; lower cylindrical extension 49, as shown in Fig...'l'.- A bearing" bushing'. 50 lines the cylindricalY extension 48.

'cross-piece 5B to serveA as the support for the rotary hydraulic motors 51 and' 18. The ends of 4the cross-piece 55 maybe' welded to'thezbrac'ketA plates 2I4, 2l5 which in turn may be" welded to the outer" sides. of the" channels of thevv vehicle frame' l1'. As'shown. in".` Fig. 1'5- a` verticalA plate 2 I 6 may have its upper edge Welded to an inclined plate 2H'. The'l latter may have: two holes on each side of the plate 215 tofreceive screws 2l8, 218 for threading intoL the fourfee't |64-, ('54 at -the` bottom of. the motor. 51.L In asimilar manner the: motor-18 mayv be mounted on the inclined: platef2l9 by meansof the screws 228, the

plate ZIS being welded to the vertical plate 22| and the latter.welded-- to'the cross-'piece 56; Each of the rotary motors 5.1, 18 is therefore detachably ccnnecte'd tothe vehicle frame;

Vertical plates y22'2- secured to the ends of the cross-piece 55,. support the journal bearings As shown.- in Figs. 3 and 6, the rotary hydraulic motor 51 has its axis inclined downwardly and forwardly. The motor. shaft 58 is coupledat 5&-

zseen 'that the operator at his station 21 may by means of one of the levers 28 start and stop the l rotation ofthe motor 51 in reverse directions to rotation Vof the circle through the spur gearing f44,. 45S inA Aeither` direction and thereby adjust the. grader blade on an upright axis for either right-hand or left-hand grader Work. This may be done when the operator at his .station releases the. handle. 68 (Fig. 3), so that the spring. 13 may bereled on to hold the pinion 45 in mesh Withthe arcuate rack 440m the circle 42.

An important feature of the invention is the provision of relatively low pitch worm gearing .54, 41 so as to be operable with considerable power in rotating the circle against such resistances as may be encountered by the grader blade 43 in contact with the' road surface; The worm gear'- ing being of low pitch is self-locking and therefore may be relied upon to eliminate the use of the usual pin and hole locking mechanism to hold the circle in adjusted position relativev to the drawbar. In this connection it should. be noted that the clutch. mechanism 12 comprises a grooved collar 14 secured to the lower side: of the pinion andsplined onto the lower end of the' shaft 46 at 15; In other words, when the operator at' hisstation pulls on4 the handle 68,

thel groovedY collar 14 is moved. down along the splined lower end' of the shaft. 46 so as to disconnect the pinion 45 from the-gear 44 of the' circle, thereby freeingA the latter' when it is desired to `move they grader blade manually to any desired position. Thisl may beI desirable particularly when the. grader bladev is to be moved through anv angle of in. order toA reverse theI same foroperations during rearward travel of the machine.

I have' in commercial machines used worms 54 each having a pitch of .75". That is to say, the worms have been single cut with the leads of .75". The worm gears 41 meshing with such worms in such commercial structures have each .been single cut circular pitchv .75 with fortytwo teeth. yFurthermorey in such commercial structures the spur pinions 45 each has six teeth of the circular pitch of 2.618 and this arrangement rotates` the circlewhich has a pitch diameter of 52" and. sixty-five teeth; that' is to say, 1.25 diametral pitch or 2.5138 circular pitch. The ratioof the" gearing'between the motor shaft 58 and the circle- 42 in such commercial structures is approximately 455 to 1. These dimensions and theratio may, of course, be varied as desired and the gures arev s'et forthv merely by way of example to show that theY hydraulic motor 51 must rotate its shaftV 58 a great many times to rotate the circle once. Inthe' illustration given, the shaft 58 rotates 455 times toA secure one rotation ofthe circle.

A complete rotation of the circle.. however, is seldom necessaryand is desired only when the '.working machine, and'vice versa.

a -right-handworking machine to a left-hand But even a -quarter of the rotationvof the circle 42 would require about 114 rotations of the shaft 58- of the hydraulic motor 51.

The speed of the hydraulic motor 51 may be controlled by the operator at his station 21 by vactuating one of the valve levers of the manifold valve 26'shown in Fig.'5. The hydraulic pump |9A is driven directly by the internal combustion;

engine I8, and rigid metal pipes may be used .for connecting a pumping mechanism to the `ports 99 and |00 (Fig. 6) since the rotary motor 51 is mounted rigidly on the vehicle frame r|-1. .In other words, since the rotary hydraulic motor-51 is in fixed relation to the vehicle frame and in fixed relation to the internal combustion engine metal piping connections may lbe used #between the motor and the pumping mecha- -nfism,thus preventing leakage which is likely to take place if the hydraulic motor is mounted on thedrawbar frame and connected by exible -hose to the pumping mechanism on the vehicle frame Furthermore, iixed piping connections being available between the pumping mechanism Aand the lrotary motor 51 because the latter is .mounted on the vehicle frame, the extent of adjustment of the moldboard to steep bank-cut- .ting positions on either side of the machine is not limited by any iiexible hose connections...

- The direction of f low of the operating medium, .such as oil, through the motor 51 will determine .the direction of rotation of the latter, andthe :rotation of the motor shaft 58 determines the .direction of rotation of the circlewhich carries `-the mold-board. It will thus be seen that the Vspeed of the hydraulic motor 51. is controlled by the amount of oil which the pump is permitted to deliver to the motor 51. 'Ihe speed of the motor 51 can be slowed down by throttling action of the valve in the manifold 26 (Fig. y5) f The hydraulic motor 51 used in the'commercial structures referred to, can rotate at approxi- V.mately 145 rotations per minute, and it will thus .be seen that the. circle *can be 'rotated through ,approximately 90 in less than a minute. It is reiterated, however, that-.this'reference is made, for example, to show the high. speed `of rotation VHof.. the motor 51 and not: theexact speed thereof Yasgiii any event the operator at his station may L s'ooperatethe manifold valve lever as to secure nular bearing 90 'which surroundsV the vehicle frame |1 at'the rear rend of its upper horizontal portion, as shown in Fig. 3. The ring gear 89 may be made in upper and lower sections which may be secured together at 9|, 9| to lock the ring gear in the vannular guide bearing 90.

Extending from the lower side of the ring gear 89 is an arm 92 which may be connected by means of the ball and socket joint 93 to the upper end of the transversely extending link 94 the lower end of which is connected by means of the ball and socket joint 95 to one side of the rear end of the drawbar crosspiece 3|. The link 94 may ,be connected to the ball 95 at one end of the cross-piece 3| or to the ball 95 at the other end thereof, depending upon whether the moldboard is moved to steep bank-cutting position at one side of the machine or the other, it being Ypreferred in bank-sloping adjustments to have 'the link 94 in suspension. y

The worm gearing 82, 83 is of relatively-low pitch so that many rotations of the motor shaft 119' will be necessary to move the arm 92 through a small angle. Such low pitch gearing enables the laterally shifting mechanism to be operated -with considerable power so that the moldboard `or grader blade may be shifted laterally of the road surface even though the scraping blade may be in contact therewith. Inasmuch as the motor 18 is of relatively high speed under the control of the operator at his station 21, the lateral shifting of the moldboard may be effected in a short space of time. By means of one of the levers of the manifold valve 26, the motor 18 may have directed to its ports the supply-and return ow of the oil or other fluid-pressure medium through metal pipes which are in fixed relation to the vehicle frame.

The motor 18 may be reversed or controlled to operate in either direction and therefore the -arm 92 may be swung laterally of the Vehicle frame either toward one side or toward the other side, and the grader blade with the assistance of adjustment of extensible links or hangers 33, 33

f" may be adjusted to bank-sloping positionA at either side of the machine without limitation as 'to any hydraulic motor piping connections ybecause all of such connections are in fixed relation 50* to the vehicle frame.

.in Fig'.v 12 which is a sectional velevationr taken `on theline'lZ-'IZ of Fig. 9, looking in the direc'- ition of the arrows, the pistons |68 t i-n cylinders f |69 each of which may be formed by boring and y'counterbo'ring and then closing the left-hand `ends as viewed in Fig. 9 with screw'plugs |19, 110.1 The radial ports |1|, |1| may be formed by radial boring, with the outer ends closed by the screw plugsl 12, |12. The right-hand ends A| 13 of the pistons |68 each has the shape ofa frustum of a cone in position .to engage the thrust parte vlia mounted by means-of the thrustring jwardly and rearwardly so 4that .its shaft irmay `v 'abe-connected by means of bevel gearing 223 in lthacasing 8|! tov worm gearing in the casing 8|. This worm gearing comprises a worm 32 in mesh with the worm gear 83, the latter being mounted roller bearing '|15 on the tilted thrust block .|16 which is keyed at |11 to the shaft |18.' The thrust plate l'ifl-is held to an annular seat v|19 on the thrust block |16 by'means of the ring plate |89 held in place by the cap screw i9! extending through the plate |89 into the screw- .threaded opening in the block |16, as shown in Fig. 9. il

The left-hand end of the-block |15, as shown in Fig. 9, ts against an annular shoulder|82 on the shaft |18 while the right-hand endfof kthe fxthrust block`.|.16 rests against theinneri race of ia ;:'roller"thrust'bearing |83;surroun`ding a reduced 'aportion |84 ofthe .shaftjl18. .Atfurtherre'duce'd zfportion;58 extends through a liquidseal |85,com iprising aispring-pressedstuing box heldin place by the cap |86 and the screws .|81, |81.

-An enlarged portion |8801 the shaft |18 has an :annular shoulder tting against the inner vrace .|89'o'f the ring thrust bearing |90, the outerirace =|9| .of which ts against an annular Vshoulder 'i Isurrounding the chamber |92 within the cylinder :block It will thus be seen thatendwise Ymove- :ment of the shaft |13 relative to the motor frame "or casing is resisted by'the loppositely .arranged :thrust bearings |83 and |90.

'The inner end of lthe shaft |18 is keyed at |93 tto laLreduced 'extension of the .cylindrical port block |94 which by reason-.of` its connectionsto Ithegshaft |18 rotates with the latter during "cperationof the motor.

liSupply `and exhaust pipes Y extending from-the :pumping mechanism are adapted to be con- 'inected :to the screw-threaded .ports 99' v,and 10W-,shown in Fig. 10. Theport 99 .communivcates with the cylindrical port |95 which is 'located Ain the cylinder block and completely @surrounds .the rotating cylindrical port block |94. v`-Ina similar manner, the port communi- :cates with the circular port |96 which is located 'in the cylinder block and completely surrounds thef'cylindrical port block |94.

In 'the cylindrical port/block are two radial openings |91 and |98 on opposite sides, as shown in Fig. 9. The ports |91 and |98 communicate -withseparate passageways |99 and 200 in the `cylindrical port block |94. The passageways l|99 `and .200 are parallel to each other and parallel to the axis of rotation of the shaft |18. ',These vpassageways lead toward the left as fi-viewed in Fig. 9 and respectively communicate iwith'the ports 20| and 202. Each of the 'pas- :sageways |99 and 209 may beformed by boring .and'theirleft-hand ends closed by screWplugs illustrated at 203 in Fig. 9.

As shown in Figs. and 12., the port |00 is in communication with vthe ports |96, |91, |99, :and two of the cylinders |69 at the lower @right-hand portion of Fig. 12. The otherport 99 communicates with the ports |95, |98, 20.0 -and 202, thereby communicating with .the cylinders |89 at the lower left-hand Aportion of Fig. "12. The uppermost cylinder is cut off whenfthe portblock |94'is in the position'shownin Fig. 12.l

.-As shown in Fig. 9, a cap'plate 204 is .sevcuredin place" by means 'of the `screws 205,205

to close "the cylindrical opening 'in which 'the cylindrical port block |94 rotates. A'passageway'206 '.extends'axially through vthe port block :|94 so that oil escaping .into the chamber'201 'may 'iiow into the main chamber i208 l .of the fmotor. Theright-hand end of themotor may be provided with an inspection .opening norfmally closed by means of theA `screw png 209.

*It should be particularlynoted that two sepa- Vrrate parallel passageways 2|0 and 2||rlead ref `iThe z. righthand ends r'of fthe 'passageways i210 :and i2|| .fare each vprovide'd with check tvalves 212, 2122 `vv'hich.=are soarranged'as to rop'en"from `the f chamber -z208 into '.the 1 passageways l2 |0 ian'd .12| I. r-f| 00' i isa supply lport, :the 'check valve connected etheretoremains Yclosed by supply pressurefw'vhi'le In other words, vwhen y either port 39' Ifor Lthefother check'valvefconnected to the exhau'st .automatically opensto'relieve the chamberl of built-up pressure therein `due to leakagepast lthe pistons A or otherwise.

Although the rotary hydraulic motor Pshown iin :detail in "Figs, 9 'to 12, inclusivahasbeen designated 51, it should-be understood thatthe 'other `hydraulic rotary `motor designated 'L18 i in Figs. "5 and-58, is'o'f thefsame "construction, illhe check valves in'these motors assuremaintaining the 'chamber 1208 'filled with oil for lbiif'cating purposes, -and 'the interior :pressure Fis limited "bythe check valves. lnfothertwods,

"the check valves obtain these advantages which fare particularly desirable in "road graders.

Each of the rotary hydraulic motors 51 'fand 18 i's detachably mounted on-the cross-'piecelf56 `plates 2|1, 2|9 'on'the crossepiece 56 into fsc'rewthreaded openings inthe 'feet |64, |64, off-the motor 51 and into th'escrewlthreaded openings in the feet 96 and 91 rof the 'rotary motor '18 shown in Fig. v8; seealsoligs. 15 and "16.

-Inasmuch as Aeach of the rotary motors "51 and 418 is reversible, the Valves connected to the'leve'rs 28 at the manifold 26 are 'so'arran'ged as to controlthe direction o'f flow vof the uidpressure medium, such as oil,-through each='mo `Ltor individually. When `the `motor 51 is rotated in one direction, the circle 42 will'be I'1'0- V'tated Aclockwise 'as viewed vin Fig. 5, 'and "when "the motor 51 is reversed, the circle 42 lwill be rotated vanti-clockwise.

the internal combustion -engine I0 drives the 'pump |9 "continuously :because the valves at the manifold'28 'are under'the control of the oper'- Yatorto start,stop and reverse each of the'rnotors 5.1.and 18 individually.

The piping 'connections for the vrotary hydraulic motors 51,18 'are's'hown 'diagrammatica'llyin ,'Fig. 14. Thepump |9 is driven `c'ontinuously'to draw oiljfrom the supply tank 266 throughthe :suctioni pipe 285 and'forc'e the same into the sup- -'ply pipe 261. `Byfmeans of the reversing j'valves 28|, 98 in the manifold 26,'the liquid maybe 'supplied to either motor 51 or 18 as indicated by the full line arrows, to drive them in certain directions; or, the liquid may be suppliedto :the motors 51, '|8'as indicated by the dotted linearrows,l to drive them Yin reverse directions. "The motors may-be individually started, stopped and reversed, by means of the valves 20|, 98. When `the motors are operating the return flow ofthe oil to the supplyrtank 266 is through the pipe 269. When the valves 26|, 98 are closed and `all the other valves of the manifold 2S are likewise closed, the pump `may nevertheless continue 'to operate because then the by-pass valve 268 will 'automatically open to by-pass the liquid in `ath@ direction'offthearrow 21-0. 1 l

The" motor illustrated in Figs. 9 to 12, inclusive', isv disclosed and claimed in my co-pending application, Ser. No. 379,971, filed Feb. 21, 1941, for an improvement in Road graders as a division of Ser. No. 348,981, led July 31, 1940, for an improvement in Road graders. :Obviously those skilledin the art may `make various changes in the details and arrangement of parts without departingfrom the spirit and scope of the invention as defined 'by the claims hereto appended, and I therefore wish not to be restricted to the precise construction herein disclosed. f 1 Having thus described and shown an embodiment of my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

eIclaim: i. 1. In a road grader, the combination with a vehicle frame, of a drawbar connected thereto, a grader blade carried by said drawbar, means for adjusting said drawbar, an annular spur gear journaled on said frame, an actuating arm extending from said annular gear, a link connecting said arm to said drawbar, a pinion meshing with said gear, a shaft carrying said pinion, a rotary duid-pressure motor, mechanism comprising bevel gearing and self-locking worm-gearing for connecting said motor to saidfshaft,` and means for controlling said motor.` 1

'2. In a road grader, the combination with a vehicle frame, of a drawbar connected thereto, a grader blade carried by said drawbar, vmeans for adjusting said drawbar relativeto said frame, a longitudinal shaft, an actuating arm, a'link connecting said arm to oneside of the rear end of .the'drawban actuating means between said shaft and said arm, a worm gear! connectedto said shaft, a .worm meshing with said worm'gear, a rotary hydraulic motor mounted on said frame and having a rotary shaft extending downwardly and rearwardly longitudinally of said frame, driving connections comprising bevel gearing between said last-named shaft and said worm, and means for controlling said hydraulic-motor to elect lateral swinging of said arm to'laterally'shift the drawbar together with the graderblade carried thereby. 3. A road grader comprising the. .combination With a vehicle frame comprising` spaced-apart beams having upwardly and forwardly inclined portions, of a drawbar flexibly connected at its forward end to said frame, hanger vmechanism between said frame and said drawbar for effecting adjustment in elevation of the rear. end of said drawbar, a grader blade carried by said dawbar, a horizontal shaft extending horizontally and longitudinally along said frame lbetween the upwardly andiorwardly inclined portions ofsaid beams, worm gearing connectedto the rear end of said shaft, an arcuate rack, mechanism on said frame for guiding said rack along a path lying in a circle surrounding said frame, a pinion at the forward end of said-shaft-ingpos ition to mesh with said arcuate rack; an .arm extending from said arcuate rack, a link-connecting said arm Ito said drawbanarotaryhydraulic'motor mounted onsaid vehicle frame and connected to said worm gearing to drive the same and thereby effect lateral shifting of said arm and lateral shifting of said grader blade, and means for controlling said motor.

4. In a road grader, the combination with a vehicle frame, of a drawbar connected thereto, a grader blade carried by said drawbar, a tertiary frame surrounding said vehicle frame, a

linkconnecting said tertiary frame to'oneV side ffit'he free end of vsaid draw-bar, and motor-operated mechanism comprising bevel gearing vand worm gearing in series for effecting rotation of said. tertiary frame to secure lateral shifting 'of said grader blade relative to said vehicle frame'.

.5: Ina road grader, the combination with va vehicleframe, of a drawbar connected thereto,a road working implement carried' by said dawban-laterally shifting mechanism between said vehicle framev and' said drawbar and comprising a ring guided around said vehicle frame on a longitudinal axis and having a radial arm connected bya llink toene sidel 0f the free end portion of saiddrawbar, a rotary motor mounted on said vehicle frame, and power-transmission mechanism comprising Ibevel gearing and worm gearing. between said motor and said laterally shifting mechanism, Y

6. In a road grader, the combination with a vehicle frame, of a drawbar flexibly connected. at its .forward end to said vehicle frame, a roadworking implement carried by said drawbar, mechanism for supporting the'rear end ofV said drawbar and said road-working implement at adjusted elevations relativel to the road surface, an arcuate. rack, means for guiding said rack along the arc o fa circle surrounding said vehicle frame, armextending radially from said arcuate rack and movable with the latter to positions onopposite sides of the vehicle frame, a link connecting said Aarm on said arcuate rack to one side of thefree end of said draw-bar, a rotary motor Qnsaid vehicle frame, a shaft, a pinion on one end of said shaft in mesh with said arcuate rack, and reduction gearing between said motor and thefother end of said shaft.

7. In a bank cutting machine, the combination with a vehicle frame, of a drawbar mounted thereon for adjustment relative thereto, a grader blade carried by said drawbar, an arcuate rack, an arcuate bearing on said vehicle frame for guiding said rack along an arc of a circle surrounding s aid vehicle frame, the center-of such circle being in a relatively high position neX-v te'nding longitudinally through said vehicle framegalink connecting said arcuate rack to one sidefof the rear end portion of s aid draw, barQ'arQtarymotor having its 4axis of rotation extending longitudinally of saidvehicle'frame, and power-transmission mechanism between said motor and said arcuate rack comprising a train oflbevel gearing and self-locking worm gearing.

8 Ina road grading machine, the combination with a vehicle frame, of a 'drawbar flexibly connected thereto, mechanism for adjustably supporting the rear end of said drawbarfrom said vehicle frame, a grader blade carried by said drawbar, an annular gear, mechanism for guiding said annular gear Vto rotate around said 'vehicle' frame on an axis extending longitudinally throughthe upperportion of said vfrarr ie,a radial arm Aon said annular gear and movable with the latterfto'positions extending upwardly and diag? onall'y outwardlyY above a horizontal plane` vextending through the axis of said annular gear, Ya link connecting said arm to one side of the rear end of said drawbar, an operators station, a rotary motor on said vehicle frame, power-transmission mechanism between said motor and said annular gear, and means for controlling said motor from said operators station.

9. In a road grader, the combination with a vehicle frame comprising an upper narrow elon- 6 assegna gated portion, of a ring surroundin'gfsaidupper narrow elongated portion, a radial arm onfsaid ring, a drawbar iiexibly connected at .oneend to said vehicle frame, a grader blade carried by said drawbar, mechanism for adjustably hanging the rear end of said drawbar from said vehicle frame, a link connecting said radialarm to the freeend of said drawbar, meansv onfsaid vehicle frame for guiding said ring for. rotation on an axis the center of which extends longitudinally through said narrow elongated portion of said vehicle frame, a rotary motor mounted on said vehicle frame, power-transmission-mechanism between said motor and said ring, and means for controlling said motor to eiect rota tion thereof in reverse directions and at a .relatively high speed to secure a relatively low speed of rotation of said ring to effect lateral vshift of said grader blade to either side of said vehl cle frame.

10. In a bank cutting machine, the combination with a, vehicle frame, of a drawbar flexibly connected at its forward end to said vehicle frame, a grader blade carried by said drawbar,-an arcuate rack, means for guiding saidrack-along an arc of a circle surrounding said vehicle frame' in an upright plane fixed relative to saidframe, said rack being confined by said guiding means to adjustment in such upright plane, a link'con necting said arcuaterack to one side ofthe 'free end of said drawbar, mechanism for adjustably suspending the rear end of said drawbarfrom` said vehicle frame, a rotary motor on said vehicle frame, power-transmission mechanism "ibetween said motor and said arcuate rack andconigprising a train of bevel gearing and worrngearing, and means for controlling the direction'and speed of rotation of said motor to 'effect bymeans ofsaid arcuate rack and said link the lateral shifting of the grader blade toward either,sidev of the machine.

'11; In a Yroad grader, the combination with a,y vehicle frame having a laterally expanded rear end portion and a narrow elongated forward portio`r 1, of a drawbar pivotally connectedr atfits forward portion to the forward -end'of-said vehicle iframe, mechanism adjustably suspendingthe rea-r end portion ofy said drawbar from said vehif cle frame, a road-working implement carriedL by `said drawbar, an arcuate rack, mechanism mounting said rack Yon said frame and guiding the'same relatively thereto along the arc of a.

circle surrounding said vehicle frame, mecl'ianlsrrl comprising a link connecting said arcuate rack t'one side of the free end of said drawbar, a pinion meshingwith said arcuate rack, a rotary motor mounted on the laterally expandedl rear endjportion of said vehicle frame, power-transf mission mechanism between said motor and said pinion, andvmeans for controlling the speedan'dj direction of rotation of said motor to effectflajtg eral yshifting of said road-working implement vto either Vside of -said vehicle frame.

'12g In a road grader,` the combinationjwith a vehicle frame, comprising Aan Aelongatedboxelileh portion, of a ring surrounding saidbonelike polition, a radial arm on *said ring,` a drawbarjilexe ibiy en mieeted:atone` end to said vehicle frame, .a graderebladg-carriedbyesaid drawbar, mechas nism forral'dustablygsuspending from saidirame `the free endzportion of said drawbar a rotary .f3 motor smoimted o n said vframe, ,power-transmise sion mechanism between saidmotor and said-ring. andfjmeans for controlling saidV motor .toiaeiect lateral shifting ofpsaid grader blade `toxeitiier '1g -1i31`fInfia gowerfroadgrader, the combination with a `vehicle comprising rear traction* wheels andiafrontfsteering ,wheel unit, of a drawbar llexibly' connected at its front end to the Aframe of s aid vehicle, :means for adjusting 'the eleva- ,15 tion 0f .the rear .end of said drawbar, laterally shifting mechanismbetween the vehiclerame andthe rear end of the drawbar, a circle :carriedgby `Slain.drawljlan ,a grader blade carriedby said circle,:1arotary hydraulic motor carried .by

2 saidl frame,l `power [transmission mechanism be tweenisagid motorzand said circle for turning the latter-to adjust .theograder blade on an upright axis) f Said power :transmission mechanism comyprisinga.train of bevel gearing and worm gear- '2,5 ing ,andspurgearna an engine on the vehicle frame,'.a ,pump connected to the said engine,

`and Ameans at the operators station onsaid vehicle frame for `controlling the operation of saidhydraulic motor to effect adjustment of the 3Q grader blade. ori-said upright axis, the construc- .tion andarrangement being such that the'rotary hydraulicmotor always remains in xed rela-.- tion ,tothe .pump and the engine on theV vehicle iramc- ,3.5 114". 1n .av power rcadgrader, the combination o drawbar, vva .g rader blade carried by the circle,

means for `adjusting the elevation of the rear end-,ofthe .drawbar, laterally shifting mecha-. llm between the .vehicle frame and the rear end 'of thedrawbarand comprising self-locking r4.5 worm geari-ngmounted on the vehicle frame, a

" IQlaIyhydraulicgmotor :mounted on the vehicle frame and operatively connected to said selflockingworm gearing, circle turning mechanism comprising-fself-locking worm gearing mounted .50 Qn-SsaiddraWDam another rotary hydraulic motorjmounted '.on said vehicle frame and operativelylconnectedlto said last-named self-lockingvvorm gearing, an engine on said vehicle frame, apumpiconnected to said engine for op- ,55 eration-:thereby andmeans at the operators staf tion `on said'vehiclemframe Lfor controlling the operationof one got-.the rotary hydraulic motors to effectlateral ,shifting of the grader bladey towardeitherside of the machine and for `con- 60 trolling 'theoperation of the other rotary hy- ,draulic-motor toeiect turning of the circle and the grader bladeon an upright axis, the con struction .-andarrangement being such thatY both octhemotary hydraulic motors are always in v,als -Xed mltionftathefpump and in nxed rennen `to theoperatorfsstation on'the vehicle frame. 

